Table of Contents

Executive Summary

E.1 CIGS: What's Keeping It from Higher Volumes?
E.2 Opportunities for CIGS Firms: Three Markets for CIGS PV
E.2.1 CIGS in the Conventional Panels Market
E.2.2 BIPV Opportunities for CIGS
E.2.3 CIGS Opportunities in Portable Electronics
E.3 The Business Case for CIGS: What is Missing?
E.4 Will There Ever Be High-Volume Printed CIGS?
E.5 The CIGS Supply Structure: More Firms, More Nations
E.5.1 The Growing Number of CIGS Suppliers: Headed for a Fall?
E.5.2 CIGS and China: A Marriage in the Making
E.6 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of CIGS PV

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 CIGS Readies for Its High-Volume Phase
1.1.2 Hiccups: Haven't We Been Here Before?
1.1.3 Flexible CIGS: Does This Set CIGS Apart?
1.1.4 CIGS and BIPV: A Match Made for Rooftops?
1.1.5 CIGS' Achilles Heel: Lifetimes and Encapsulation
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: The Supply Side of CIGS PV
2.1 Parity with Crystalline Silicon Will Mean Higher Margins
2.2 CIGS Materials: The Indium Elephant in the Room
2.3 CIGS Manufacturing Processes: Targeting Throughput and Cost
2.3.1 Conventional Vacuum Deposition
2.3.2 Printing: What's the Holdup?
2.3.3 Electrodeposition: A Middle-of-the-Road Alternative
2.3.4 Roll-to-Roll: Is It Really an Advantage?
2.4 Other Components of CIGS PV
2.4.1 Electrodes: Changing Materials
2.4.2 CIGS' Special Encapsulation Needs
2.5 Is There Still Venture Capital for CIGS?
2.6 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Three: CIGS Market Opportunities
3.1 How Can CIGS Sell Itself?
3.2 Capitalizing on CIGS' High Performance
3.2.1 Conventional Module Market Opportunities
3.2.2 Rigid BIPV Market Opportunities
3.3 Flexible CIGS: The Key to a High-Growth Market?
3.3.1 Flexible BIPV Opportunities
3.3.2 Other Flexible Applications Opportunities
3.3.3 Is Durability Still an Issue?
3.4 The Crowded CIGS Market
3.4.1 Too Many Players?
3.4.2 Shifting to China and Taiwan?
3.4.3 Leaders and Strategies
3.5 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts for CIGS PV and Its Materials
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Data Sources
4.1.2 Changes from Previous Reports
4.1.3 Scope of Forecast
4.1.4 Alternative Scenarios
4.2 Forecasts of CIGS PV by Product Type
4.2.1 Conventional Panels
4.2.2 BIPV
4.2.3 Other Products
4.3 Forecasts of CIGS PV by Manufacturing Technology
4.3.1 Forecasts by Rigid vs. Flexible Manufacturing
4.3.2 Forecasts by CIGS Deposition Method
4.4 Summary of Forecasts

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1: Summary of Forecasts for CIGS PV
Exhibit 2-1: Printed CIGS Firms
Exhibit 2-2: Electrodeposited CIGS Firms
Exhibit 2-3: Recent Funding for CIGS Players
Exhibit 3-1: CIGS PV Competitors in 2011
Exhibit 3-2: CIGS PV Manufacturers by Geography: 2011 vs. 2009
Exhibit 4-1: Conventional CIGS PV Panels ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-2: CIGS BIPV Products by BIPV Type ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-3: Forecasts of CIGS "Other" Products
Exhibit 4-4: CIGS PV by Type of Manufacturing ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-5: CIGS PV by CIGS Deposition Process ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-6: Summary of CIGS PV Forecasts ($ Millions)

Executive Summary
E.1 Introduction and overview
E.2 Conductive coating opportunities from batteries/fuel cells: Lithium, thin-film and beyond
E.3 Opportunities for conductive coatings in solar panels
E.3.1 Crystalline silicon panels
E.3.2 Thin-film, organic and dye cell panels
E.4 Opportunities for conductive coatings in displays
E.4.1 LCD and other conventional displays
E.4.2 Conductive coatings for next-gen displays: Touch, flexibility, e-paper and OLEDs
E.5 Opportunities for conductive coatings in next-generation lighting products
E.6 Opportunities for conductive coatings in EMI/RFI shielding: Impact of the wireless boom
E.7 Conductive anti-static coatings opportunities: Impact of Moore’s Law
E.8 Opportunities for conductive coatings in other applications
E.9 Firms to watch in the conductive coating space
E.10 Summary of eight-year forecasts of conductive coatings space

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background to this report
1.1.1 New applications for conductive coatings emerging
1.1.2 Growing number of conductive coatings material choices
1.1.3 Back to tradition: New options for TCOs and metals
1.1.4 Differences from NanoMarkets 2009 conductive coatings report
1.2 Objectives and scope of this report
1.3 Methodology of this report
1.4 Plan of this report

Chapter Two: Materials and Technical Trends in Conductive Coatings Markets

2.1 Introduction
2.2. Metallic conductive coatings
2.2.1 Metallic coatings and nanomaterials
2.2.2 Metallic coatings, alloys and other mixtures
2.2.5 Metals for anti-static applications
2.2.6 Metals for EMI/RFI shielding
2.3 Conductive coatings from metallic oxides and other metallic compounds
2.3.1 ITO: A key material
2.3.2 Why ITO alternatives can succeed
2.3.3 TCOs and anti-static protection
2.4 Conductive polymers as conductive coatings
2.4.1 R&D trends in conductive polymers
2.4.3 Thermoplastics, conductive polymers and conductive elastomers for EMI/RFI applications
2.4.4 Polymers and organics for antistatic protection applications
2.5 Nanotubes and other nanomaterials as conductive coatings
2.5.1 Carbon nanotubes and graphene
2.5.2 Metallic nanomaterials
2.5.3 Nanoengineering research related to conductive coatings
2.5.4 Nanomaterials, anti-statics and EMI/RFI shielding
2.5.5 The use of nanomaterials for thick film coating/printing applications
2.6 Other materials with potential in conductive coatings
2.6.1 Conductive paints
2.6.2 The role of carbon
2.7 Manufacturing trends for conductive coatings
2.7.1 Developments in traditional coating processes
2.7.2 Conductive coatings and printing
2.7.3 Other new developments
2.8 Key Points in this chapter

Chapter Three: Opportunities and Trends in Conductive Coatings Markets

3.1 Introduction: Applications Covered
3.2 The market for conductive coatings in batteries and fuel cells
3.2.1 Lithium batteries
3.2.2 Thin-film and printable batteries
3.2.3 Other batteries
3.3 The market for conductive coatings in solar panel electrodes
3.3.1 Crystalline silicon cells
3.3.2 Amorphous silicon cells
3.3.3 Cadmium telluride cells
3.3.4 CIGS cells
3.3.5 Organic and dye sensitive cell PV
3.4 The market for conductive coatings in displays
3.4.1 LCD displays
3.4.2 Touch-screen displays
3.4.3 E-paper
3.4.4 OLED displays
3.4.5 PDP displays
3.4.6 Flexible displays
3.4 The market for conductive coatings in next generation lighting
3.4.1 EL Lighting and OLED lighting
3.4.2 HB-LED lighting
3.5 Conductive coatings and traditional thick-film markets
3.5.1 Capacitors
3.5.2 PCBs
3.6 EMI/RFI protection
3.6.1 High-speed LANs
3.6.2 Appliances
3.6.3 Automotive
3.6.4 Military, national security and aerospace
3.6.5 Architectural and special requirements for hospitals and factories
3.7 Anti-static applications
3.7.1 Electronics manufacturing
3.7.2 Shipping, transport, and storage
3.7.3 Glass treatments
3.8 Other applications for conductive coatings
3.8.1 Sensors
3.8.2 Smart textiles
3.8.3 Smart windows
3.8.4 Corrosion protection
3.9 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecast of Conductive Coatings Market

4.1 Introduction: Forecasting Methodology
4.2 Conductive coatings in batteries
4.3 Conductive coatings in fuel cells
4.4 Conductive coatings in solar panels
4.5 Conductive coatings in displays
4.6 Conductive coatings in lighting
4.7 Antistatic/ESD coatings markets
4.8 EMI/RFI coatings markets
4.9 Other markets for conductive coatings and summary of forecasts

Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Report

About the Author

List of Exhibits
Exhibit E-1 Conductive Coatings Markets: Opportunities by Material ($ Millions)
Exhibit 2-1 Common Conductive Coatings.
Exhibit 2-2 Conductivity of Metals.
Exhibit 2-3 Degussa's VP AdNano Conductive Coating Product Range.
Exhibit 2-4 Transparent Conductive Coatings Based on Metallic Compounds.
Exhibit 2-5 Council to Promote Commercialization of Zinc Oxide Film..
Exhibit 2-6 NanoRam Technologies' Conductive Coatings.
Exhibit 2-7 Keeling & Walker - FTO Properties.
Exhibit 2-8 Nissan Chemical Company's Celnax Conductive Coatings.
Exhibit 2-9 American Dye Source ADS650 WP PANI Conductive Coating.
Exhibit 2-10 Agfa's Conductive ORGACON Coatings.
Exhibit 2-11 H.C. Starck's Clevios Material Properties.
Exhibit 2-12 PEDOS Properties.
Exhibit 2-13 Small Manufacturers of Carbon Nanotubes.
Exhibit 2-14 Conductive Coatings: How Materials and Production Technologies are Matched.
Exhibit 2-15 Comparison of Common Printing Processes.
Exhibit 2-16 Conductive Polymers in Roll to Roll Printing.
Exhibit 2-17 OVPD versus Thermal Evaporation.
Exhibit 3-1 Henkel's Conductive Coatings for Lithium Ion Batteries.
Exhibit 3-2 BASF IP - Conductive Polymers for Battery Applications.
Exhibit 3-3 Thin-Film Lithium Battery Chemistries.
Exhibit 3-4 Acheson's Aquadag 18 Conductive Coatings for Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Membranes.
Exhibit 3-5 PNNL Synthesis of High Surface Area Cathode Materials.
Exhibit 3-6 Transparent Conductive Electrode Comparison.
Exhibit 3-7 Coatings, Films and Adhesives for Touch-Screen Display Technologies.
Exhibit 3-8 NanoSonic's Metal Rubber Properties.
Exhibit 4-1 Conductive Coatings Markets: Batteries ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-2 Conductive Coatings Markets: Fuel Cells ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-3 Conductive Coatings Markets: Solar Panels ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-4 Conductive Coatings Markets: Displays* (Electrode applications) ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-5 Conductive Coatings Markets: Lighting ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-6 Conductive Coatings Markets: Sensors ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-7 Conductive Coatings Markets: Antistatic/ESD Coatings ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-8 Conductive Coatings Markets: EMI/RFI Coatings ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-9 Conductive Coatings Markets: Opportunities by Application ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-10 Conductive Coatings Markets: Materials ($ Millions)

Executive Summary
E.1 How New Encapsulation Technology Will Enable Growth in the OPV and DSC Businesses
E.1.1 Opportunities for Encapsulation Materials and Systems Suppliers
E.1.2 Overview of Key Encapsulation Firms
E.2 How Substrate Suppliers Will Benefit from OPV's and DSC's Unique Features
E.2.1 Opportunities for Substrate Suppliers: Glass Metal and Plastic
E.2.2 Overview of Key Substrate Firms
E.3 Substrate/Encapsulation Strategies of Leading OPV and DSC Firms
E.4 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Encapsulant and Substrate Materials for OPV and DSC

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Encapsulation Opportunities for OPV and DSC
1.1.2 Substrate Opportunities for OPV and DSC
1.1.3 OPV, DSC, BIPV and Substrates
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Encapsulation and Substrates for OPV and DSC
2.1 Current Substrate/Encapsulation Environment
2.1.1 What Can Be Learned from OLEDs and Inorganic TFPV?
2.1.2 Limits to Current Approaches
2.2 Substrate Requirements for OPV and DSC
2.2.1 Glass: Rigid, Inflexible, and Not Quite Impermeable
2.2.2 Metal Substrates: Not Just the Middle of the Road
2.2.3 Polymer Films: Can the Cheap Ones Work?
2.2.4 Flexible Glass and Paper Options
2.3 Encapsulation Requirements for OPV and DSC
2.3.1 How Much is Enough: Encapsulation Performance and the Cost Barrier
2.3.2 The Dyad Option: Can Cost be Made Reasonable?
2.4 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Three: Opportunities for Encapsulation and Substrate Materials in OPV and DSC
3.1 Unique Niches and OPV and DSC: Impact on Encapsulation and Substrates
3.1.1 Avoiding Competition with Other PV: Encapsulation Helps, But Just a Bit
3.1.2 OPV/DSC Markets Evolving
3.1.3 Portability and Flexibility in OPV/DSC: Opportunities for Encapsulation?
3.1.4 The Rise of Ultra-Cheap PV, Low-Cost Manufacturing and What this Means for Substrates and Encapsulation
3.2 Encapsulation and Substrates for BIPV with OPV and DSC: Is This the True High-Volume, High-Value Market?
3.2.1 The Need for Enhanced Encapsulation in OPV/DSC-based BIPV
3.2.2 Challenges for Encapsulation in the OPV/DSC-based BIPV Market
3.3 Substrate Markets for OPV and DSC
3.3.1 Glass Substrates for OPV and DSC: Required in Some Cases
3.3.2 Plastic and Paper Substrates: Maximizing Cheapness?
3.3.3 Metal Substrates: Middling Flexibility or High Strength?
3.4 Encapsulation Markets for OPV and DSC
3.4.1 Can Skimping on Encapsulation Pay off for Portable Chargers
3.4.2 When Glass is Not Enough: Where Additional Films are Needed
3.4.3 Where Dyads and Other Advanced Encapsulation Solutions are Needed
3.4 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts of Encapsulation and Substrate Markets for OPV and DSC
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Economic and Policy Issues
4.1.2 Data Sources
4.1.3 Scope of Forecast
4.1.4 Alternative Scenarios and Other Factors Taken Into Consideration
4.2 Forecasts of Substrate Markets: By Technology and Type of Substrate
4.2.1 Forecasts of Substrates for OPV
4.2.2 Forecasts of Substrates for DSC
4.3 Forecasts of Encapsulation Markets: By Technology and Type of Application
4.3.1 Forecasts of Encapsulation for OPV
4.3.2 Forecasts of Encapsulation for DSC
4.4 Summary of Forecasts
4.4.1 Summary of Forecasts of Substrate/Encapsulation by Organic-Based PV Technology
4.4.2 Summary of Forecasts of Substrate/Encapsulation Material by Material Type

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report

About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1: View of Selected Encapsulation Firms
Exhibit E-2: View of Selected Substrate Suppliers
Exhibit E-3: Activities of Selected OPV/DSC Firms
Exhibit E-4: Substrate and Encapsulation Material Revenues by PV Technology
Exhibit 4-1: Substrate Materials for OPV
Exhibit 4-2: Substrate Materials for DSC
Exhibit 4-3: Encapsulation Materials for OPV
Exhibit 4-4: Encapsulation Materials for DSC
Exhibit 4-5: Substrate and Encapsulation Material Revenues by PV Technology
Exhibit 4-6: Substrate and Encapsulation Material Revenues by Material Type

Executive Summary

E.1 Flexible PV Opens Up New Opportunities for Substrates and Encapsulation
E.1.1 Why Flexible PV and Why Now?
E.1.2 Impact of Substrate Cost Changes: Emerging Alternative Materials
E.1.3 Reducing Costs and Creating Value with New Encapsulation Technologies
E.2 Opportunities for Firms Supplying Encapsulants
E.3 Opportunities for Firms Supplying Substrates
E.4 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Encapsulant and Substrate Materials for TFPV

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Encapsulation for Thin-Film PV
1.1.2 Substrates for Thin-Film PV
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Encapsulation and Substrates for TFPV: Evolving Technologies

2.1 Current Substrate/Encapsulation Environment
2.1.1 Rigid Thin-Film PV: Glass is King
2.1.2 Limits to Current Glass-Based Approaches
2.1.3 New Directions for Glass Encapsulation/Substrates
2.2 Substrate Requirements for Flexible PV
2.2.1 Flexible Substrate – Rigid Encapsulation
2.3 Are the Days of Rigid Substrates and Encapsulation Over?
2.4 Alternatives to Glass: Metal and Polymers
2.4.1 Polymer Films: How Costs Can Come Down
2.4.2 Metal Options: Steel and Aluminum
2.4.3 Ceramic Films: Advantages and Disadvantages
2.5 Flexible Encapsulants for PV
2.5.1 The Special Needs of CIGS
2.5.2 A Note on CdTe and Substrates/Encapsulation
2.5.3 The Dyad Option: Best of Both Worlds, but at What Cost?
2.5.4 How Much is Enough: Encapsulation Performance and the Cost Barrier
2.6 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Three: Opportunities for Encapsulation and Substrate Materials in Thin-Film Photovoltaics

3.1 Why Do We Need Flexible PV?
3.1.1 Opportunities for Innovations in Manufacturing: What Encapsulation Firms Must Do
3.1.2 BIPV: The Sweet Spot for Flexible Encapsulation?
3.1.3 Mobile Chargers: Opportunities for Flexible Encapsulants?
3.2 Substrate Markets for PV
3.2.1 Markets for Glass: Can It Adapt to the World of Flexible PV?
3.2.2 In What Part of the PV Market can Plastic Substrates be Most Successful?
3.2.3 Sheet Steel and Aluminum: Bridging the Gap
3.3 Encapsulation Markets for PV
3.3.1 The Future for Plastic Film Encapsulation
3.3.2 A Roadmap for Advanced Encapsulation Markets
3.4 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts of Encapsulation and Substrate Markets for Thin-Film Photovoltaics

4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Economic and Policy Issues
4.1.2 Data Sources
4.1.3 Scope of Forecast
4.1.4 Alternative Scenarios and Other Factors Taken Into Consideration
4.2 Forecasts of Substrate Markets: By Type of PV and Type of Substrate
4.2.1 Forecasts of Substrates for Thin-Film Silicon PV
4.2.2 Forecasts of Substrates for CdTe PV
4.2.3 Forecasts of Substrates for CIGS PV
4.3 Forecasts of Encapsulation Markets: By Type of PV and Type of Encapsulation
4.3.1 Forecasts of Encapsulation for Thin-Film Silicon PV
4.3.2 Forecasts of Encapsulation for CdTe Silicon PV
4.3.3 Forecasts of Encapsulation for CIGS PV
4.4 Summary of Forecasts
4.4.1 Forecasts of Substrate/Encapsulation by TFPV Technology
4.4.2 Forecasts of Substrate/Encapsulation Material by Material Type

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Author

Exhibits:

Exhibit E-1: Summary of Substrate and Encapsulation Material Revenues from TFPV
Exhibit 4-1:Substrate Materials for TF Si PV Cells
Exhibit 4-2: Substrate Materials for CdTe PV Cells
Exhibit 4-3:Substrate Materials for CIGS PV Cells
Exhibit 4-4: Encapsulation Materials for TF Si PV Cells
Exhibit 4-5: Encapsulation Materials for CdTe PV Cells
Exhibit 4-6: Encapsulation Materials for CIGS PV Cells
Exhibit 4-7: Substrate and Encapsulation Material Revenues by TFPV Technology
Exhibit 4-8: Substrate and Encapsulation Material Revenues by Material Type

Executive Summary
E.1 Emerging Opportunities for Supercapacitor Firms
E.1.1 New Opportunities Appearing for Supercapacitors
E.2 Vehicular Applications
E.3 Smart Electricity Grids
E.4 Supercapacitors, Renewable Energy and "Green" Building
E.5 Opportunities for Supercapacitors in Consumer Products and Computers
E.6 Firms to Watch
E.6.1 Advanced Capacitor Technologies (ACT) (Japan)
E.6.2 Axion Power (U.S.)
E.6.3 CAP-XX (Australia)
E.6.4 EEStor (U.S.)
E.6.5 EnerG2 (U.S.)
E.6.6 ESMA (Russia)
E.6.7 FastCAP (U.S.)
E.6.8 Graphene Energy (U.S.)
E.6.9 Ioxus
E.6.10 Maxwell Technologies
E.6.11 Nesscap (Korea)
E.6.12 Reticle (U.S.)
E.6.13 Skeleton Technologies (Estonia)
E.6.14 Y-Carbon (U.S.)
E.7 Supercapacitor-Related Opportunities for Materials Firms
E.8 Summary of Forecasts

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to This Report
1.1.1 Supercapacitors, the Smart Grid and the "Green" Power Industry
1.1.2 Trains, Boats and Planes and Supercapacitors: Supercapacitors and Transport
1.1.3 Supercapacitors in Consumer Products and Microelectronics
1.1.4 Other Applications for Supercapacitors
1.1.5 Supercapacitors: Opportunities, Improvements and Ways Forward
1.2 Objective and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of This Report
1.4 Plan of This Report

Chapter Two: Supercapacitor Technology Trends
2.1 Introduction: Supercapacitors Improve and Markets Expand
2.2 Current Designs for Supercapacitors
2.2.1 Electrochemical Double-Layered Capacitors
2.2.2 Pseudocapacitors or Redox-Capacitors
2.2.3 Hybrid Capacitors
2.3 Future Supercapacitor Designs and Supercapacitor R&D
2.3.1 Paper Supercapacitors
2.3.2 Miniaturization of Supercapacitors
2.4 Hybridization with Batteries
2.4.1 Ultrabatteries
2.5 Commercially Interesting Supercapacitor R&D Projects
2.5.1 Monolithic Carbide-Derived Carbon Films for Micro-Supercapacitors (U.S. and France)
2.5.2 Ultracapacitor for Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (India)
2.5.3 Manufacturing Deformable Energy Storage Devices from Carbon Nanotube Macro-Films (U.S.)
2.5.4 High Energy & Power Density Supercapacitor-Based Energy Storage System (HESCAP)(Spain, France, Greece, Estonia and the Ukraine)
2.5.5 ANL Project on Actively Coupled Ultracapacitor-Battery System (U.S.)
2.5.6 "TRANS-SUPERCAP": Energy-Optimized Electrical Systems for Land Transport Using Batteries and Supercapacitors (Romania)
2.5.7 Sahz Supercapacitor Pilot Plant (Malaysia)
2.6 Energy Density and Other Performance Trends
2.6.1 Current Trends in Energy Density
2.6.2 Current Trends in Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR)
2.6.3 Current Trends in Operating Voltage
2.7 Technology Challenges for Supercapacitors
2.7.1 Energy Density
2.7.2 Self-Discharge Rate
2.7.3 Costs
2.7.4 Package Development
2.8 Material Trends and Uses in Supercapacitors
2.8.1 Activated Carbon
2.8.2 Carbon Nanotubes, Nanowires and Graphene
2.8.3 Carbon Aerogels
2.8.4 Carbon Precursors and Potassium Hydroxide Activation
2.8.5 Conductive Polymers and Other Organic Materials
2.9 Key Points from this Chapter

Chapter Three: Supercapacitor Applications and Markets
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Vehicular Applications
3.2.1 Electric Vehicles, Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Supercapacitors
3.2.2 Public Transport Applications
3.2.3 Private Vehicle Applications
3.2.4 Racing Vehicle Applications
3.2.5 Supercapacitors as a Sole Source of Vehicular Power
3.3 Smart Electricity Grids
3.3.1 Supercapacitors and Microgrids
3.3.2 Renewable Power Integration
3.3.3 Supercapacitors and UPS
3.4 Consumer Electronics
3.4.1 Digital Still Cameras
3.4.2 Digital Music Players
3.4.3 Smart Phones
3.4.4 Notebook PCs
3.4.5 Toys
3.5 Other Microelectronic Systems
3.5.1 Memory Backup
3.6 Power Tools
3.7 Green Building Applications
3.7.1 Residential and Commercial Photovoltaic Systems
3.8 Military and Aerospace Applications
3.9 Other Industrial Applications
3.10 Key Points from this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts of Supercapacitor Markets
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Forecasting Uncertainties and Alternative Scenarios
4.1.2 Data Sources
4.2 Pricing and Cost Trends
4.3 Eight-year Forecast of Supercapacitors in Solar and Wind Applications
4.4 Eight-year Forecast of Supercapacitors in Smart Grids
4.5 Eight-Year Forecast of Supercapacitors in Consumer Electronics
4.6 Eight-Year Forecast of Supercapacitors in EVs, HEVs and Conventional Cars
4.7 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Supercapacitor Markets

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1
Advantages and Disadvantages of Supercapacitors

Exhibit E-2
Worldwide Market for Supercapacitors ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-1
Supercapacitor Markets: Solar and Wind

Exhibit 4-2
Worldwide Market for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors (MWh)

Exhibit 4-3
Cost Per Kilowatt Hour for Supercapacitor Storage In Smart Grids

Exhibit 4-4
Worldwide Market for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors ($ Millions)

Exhibit 4-5
Worldwide Market for Supercapacitors In Consumer Electronics

Exhibit 4-6
Worldwide Market for Supercapacitors in Electric, Hybrid and Conventional Vehicles

Exhibit 4-7
Worldwide Market for Supercapacitors ($ Millions)

Executive Summary
E.1 Why Smart Windows Will Become Big Business
E.2 Opportunities for Materials and Specialty Chemical Firms
E.3 Opportunities for Architectural Windows Firms
E.4 Opportunities in Automotive and Other Markets
E.5 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Smart Window Markets

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Architectural Smart Windows
1.1.2 Self-Tinting Windows
1.1.3 Self-Cleaning Windows
1.1.4 Smart Windows and Construction Markets
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Smart Windows: Types, Technologies, and Futures
2.1 Self-Tinting Windows
2.1.1 Technologies for Self-Tinting Windows: Thermochromic, Electrochromic and PDLC
2.1.2 Why has Self-Tinting Never Taken Off in the Marketplace?
2.1.3 Impact of Improvements in Electrochromic and Thermochromic Technology
2.1.4 Likely Future Product Trends in Self-Tinting Windows
2.2 Self-Cleaning Windows
2.2.1 Self-Cleaning Window Technologies: Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic and Catalytic
2.2.2 The Need for Improved Economics in Self-Cleaning Windows
2.2.3 Interior Applications for Self-Cleaning Windows
2.3 New Types of Smart Windows
2.3.1 Self-Repairing Windows
2.3.2 PV + Smart Windows: The Ultimate "Green" Window?
2.3.3 OLEDs + Smart Windows: Windows That are Also Lights
2.4 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Three: Market Opportunities for Smart Windows
3.1 Introduction: Current Market Conditions and Their Impact on Smart Windows
3.1.1 Impact of the Worldwide Construction Slump: Good News from Japan, Germany, the U.S. and China?
3.1.2 Impact of the "Green Building" Movement
3.2 Interior and Exterior Smart Windows
3.2.1 Market Demands on Smart Windows
3.2.2 Requirements for Smart Windows Materials
3.3 Residential and Commercial Smart Windows
3.3.1 Market Demands on Smart Windows
3.3.2 Smart Windows and Aesthetics
3.3.3 Retrofits and New Builds
3.3.4 Impact of Residential/Commercial Trends on Smart Windows Materials
3.4 Smart Windows in Automobiles and Other Forms of Transportation
3.4.1 Opportunities for Electrochromic Technology
3.4.2 Opportunities for Self-Cleaning Glass
3.4.3 Demands on Smart Windows from the Automotive/Transportation Sector
3.4.4 Smart Windows Materials for Cars, Boats and Planes
3.5 Other Potential Markets for Smart Windows
3.5.1 Self-Cleaning Windows
3.5.2 Electrochromic Windows
3.6 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts of Smart Windows Markets
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Data Sources
4.1.2 Alternative Scenarios
4.1.3 Differences from Earlier NanoMarkets Forecasts
4.2 Forecasts of Smart Windows by Application Area
4.2.1 Exterior Architectural Smart Windows
4.2.2 Interior Smart Windows
4.2.3 Automotive Smart Windows
4.2.4 Smart Windows in Other Transportation
4.2.5 Other Applications of Smart Windows
4.3 Forecasts of Smart Windows by Smart Functionality
4.3.1 Forecasts of Self-Cleaning Windows
4.3.2 Forecasts of Electrochromic Smart Windows
4.3.3 Forecasts of Thermochromic Smart Windows
4.4 Summary of Forecasts

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Author

List of Tables and Figures

Exhibit E-1: Summary of Smart Windows Forecasts
Exhibit 4-1: Forecasts of Exterior Architectural Smart Windows
Exhibit 4-2: Forecasts of Interior Smart Windows
Exhibit 4-3: Forecasts of Automotive Smart Windows
Exhibit 4-4: Forecasts of Smart Windows in Other Transportation.
Exhibit 4-5: Forecasts of Other Applications of Smart Windows
Exhibit 4-6: Forecasts of Self-Cleaning Windows
Exhibit 4-7: Forecasts of Electrochromic Smart Windows
Exhibit 4-8: Forecasts of Thermochromic Smart Windows
Exhibit 4-9: Summary of Forecasts of Smart Windows

Executive Summary
E.1 Summary of Market OLED Lighting Opportunities by Country
E.1.1 Japan
E.1.2 China
E.1.3 Korea
E.1.4 Taiwan
E.2 Opportunities for International Business in the OLED Lighting Space
E.2.1 Materials, Equipment and Licensing: More Open Borders
E.2.2 Opportunities for Crossborder Alliances in OLED Lighting
E.3 Summary of Eight-Year Projections of OLED Lighting Markets in Asia

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 The Importance of Asia in the OLED Lighting Marketplace
1.1.2 OLED Lighting in Asia: Impact of Demographics and Economic Growth
1.1.3 Triggers: Why Each Asian Nation has Its Own Reason for Buying into OLED Lighting
1.2 Scope and Objective of this Report
1.3 Methodology to this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: OLED Lighting in Japan
2.1 Lessons that OLED Lighting Can Learn from the Japanese LED Market
2.2 Regulatory and Legal Environment
2.2.1 Energy Legislation and the Phasing out of Traditional Light Bulbs
2.2.2 Impact of Environmental Legislation: Law on Promoting Green Purchasing
2.2.3 Likely Evolution of Standards for OLED Lighting in Japan: Work at Yamagata University
2.3 Impact of the Tsunami and Nuclear Disaster
2.4 Japan as an OLED Lighting Manufacturing Center
2.4.1 Overseas Collaboration with Japanese Firms in OLED Lighting
2.4.2 Fujitec
2.4.3 Kaneka
2.4.4 Konica Minolta
2.4.5 Koizumi Lighting
2.4.6 Lumiotec
2.4.7 NEC Lighting
2.4.8 Organic Lighting
2.4.9 Panasonic Electric Works (PEW)
2.4.10 Pioneer/Mitsubishi
2.4.11 Rohm
2.4.12 Showa Denko
2.4.13 Sumitomo
2.5 Market Forecast for OLED Lighting in Japan: 2011-2018
2.5.1 Triggers for the Japanese OLED Lighting Market: Energy Efficiency and Consumer Behavior
2.5.2 OLED Lighting and the Japanese Real Estate Market
2.5.3 Eight-Year Forecasts of OLED Lighting Markets in Japan
2.6 Key Points Made In this Chapter

Chapter Three: OLED Lighting in China
3.1 Building a Domestic OLED Market in China: Economics and Lessons from the LED Industry
3.1.1 The LED Market in China
3.2 Regulatory and Legal Environment
3.2.1 Energy Legislation and the Phasing out of Traditional Light Bulbs
3.2.2 Impact of Environmental and Energy Legislation and Regulation
3.2.3 Impact of Local and National Industrial Development Policies on the Future of OLED Lighting Markets
3.3 China as an OLED Lighting Manufacturing Center
3.3.1 Beijing Visionox
3.3.2 First O-Lite
3.3.3 Ties to Taiwanese Manufacturers and Other Chinese/Taiwanese Cooperations
3.4 Market forecast for OLED Lighting in China: 2011-2018
3.4.1 Relevant Demand Patterns in China
3.4.2 OLEDs and the Chinese Construction Boom
3.5 Key Points Made In this Chapter

Chapter Four: OLED Lighting in Korea
4.1 LEDs, Korean Technology Market Patterns and the Implications for OLED Lighting
4.1.1 Industrial Policy and LEDs
4.2 Regulatory and Legal Environment
4.2.1 Energy Legislation and the Phasing out of Traditional Light Bulbs
4.2.2 Impact of Environmental Legislation and Regulation
4.2.3 Likely Evolution of Standards for OLED Lighting in Korea
4.3 Korea as an OLED Lighting Manufacturing Center
4.3.1 Cheorwon Plasma Research Institute
4.3.2 Doosan
4.3.3 ETRI
4.3.4 LG
4.3.5 Modistech
4.3.6 NeoView Kolon
4.3.7 Samsung
4.4 Market Forecast for OLED Lighting in Korea: 2011-2018
4.5 Key Points Made In this Chapter

Chapter Five: OLED Lighting in Taiwan
5.1 The Taiwanese LED and OLED Display Markets: The OLED Lighting Perspective
5.2 Regulatory and Legal Environment: Phasing out of Traditional Light Bulbs in Taiwan
5.2.1 Likely Evolution of Standards for OLED Lighting in Taiwan
5.3 Taiwan as an OLED Lighting Manufacturing Center
5.3.1 AUO
5.4 Market Forecast for OLED Lighting in Taiwan: 2011-2018
5.5 Key Points Made In this Chapter

Chapter Six: OLED Lighting in the Rest of Asia
6.1 Introduction
6.2 India
6.2.1 Market Conditions: Pluses and Minuses
6.2.2 A Domestic Manufacturing Infrastructure Emerges
6.3 Malaysia
6.4 Philippines
6.5 Thailand
6.6 Market Forecast for OLED Lighting in the Rest of Asia: 2011-2018

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report

About the Author

List of Exhibits:

Exhibit E-1: Asian OLED Lighting Markets by Application ($ Millions)
Exhibit E-2 :Asian OLED Lighting Markets by Country.
Exhibit 2-1: Japanese OLED Lighting Markets ($ Millions)
Exhibit 3-1: Chinese OLED Lighting Markets ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-1: Korean OLED Lighting Markets ($ Millions)
Exhibit 5-1: Taiwanese OLED Lighting Markets ($ Millions)
Exhibit 6-1: OLED Lighting Markets in Other Asian Countries ($ Millions)

Executive Summary
E.1 Summary of OLED market opportunities by country
E.2 Opportunities for U.S. and Asian suppliers in the European OLED general lighting market
E.3 OLED lighting and European car firms
E.4 Opportunities for European OLED lighting firms outside of Europe
E.5 Summaries of eight-year projections of OLED lighting markets in Europe

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this report
1.2 Goal and scope of this report
1.3 Methodology of this report

Chapter Two: OLED Lighting Programs and Policy in the EU
2.1 Impact of EU energy and environmental policy on OLED lighting markets
2.1.1 Rules for phasing out incandescent bulbs in the EU
2.2 What the European LED market tells us about the future of the European OLED lighting market
2.3 Assessment of commercial impact of Europe OLED lighting projects
2.3.1 CombOLED
2.3.2 Fast2Light
2.3.3 FlexiDis
2.3.4 OLED100.eu
2.3.5 TOPAS
2.4 How European financial conditions and property markets will shape the OLED lighting market
2.5 Impact of European design firms on the future OLED lighting

Chapter Three: OLED Lighting in Germany
3.1 Rules for phasing out incandescent bulbs in Germany
3.2 Assessment of commercial impact of German OLED lighting projects
3.2.1 LiLi
3.2.2 NEMO
3.2.3 Opal
3.3 Products and strategies of leading German OLED lighting firms
3.3.1 Aixtron
3.3.2 BASF
3.3.3 Bayer MaterialScience
3.3.3 Benwirth Licht
3.3.4 Fraunhofer IPMS
3.3.5 Heraeus
3.3.6 Ledon
3.3.7 Merck
3.3.8 Novaled
3.3.9 Osram
3.4 Eight-year forecasts of OLED lighting markets in Germany

Chapter Four: OLED Lighting in the U.K.
4.1 Rules for phasing out incandescent bulbs in the U.K
4.2 Assessment of commercial impact of U.K OLED lighting projects
4.2.1 TOPLESS/TOPDRAWER
4.3 Products and strategies of leading U.K. OLED lighting firms
4.3.1 CDT/Sumation
4.3.2 Lomox
4.3.3 Polymertronics
4.3.4 PolyPhotonix
4.4 Eight-year forecasts of OLED lighting markets in the U.K.

Chapter Five: OLED Lighting in the Rest of Europe
5.1 Benelux countries
5.1.1 Agfa
5.1.2 Holst Center
5.1.3 Philips
5.2 France
5.2.1 Astron Fiamm/Blackbody
5.3 Italy
5.3.1 PPML
5.4 Scandinavia
5.5 Spain
5.6 Eight-year forecasts of OLED lighting markets in other European countries by country

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

E.1 How smart coatings can add value to PV
E.1.1 Early markets for smart coatings in PV
E.2 Opportunities for smart coatings firms in the PV sector
E.3 Firms to watch in this space
E.4 Summary of eight-year forecasts of CIGS PV

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background to this report
1.2 Objectives and scope of this report
1.3 Methodology of this report
1.4 Plan of this report

Chapter Two: Smart Coatings: Why They will Add Value in the PV Industry

2.1 Self-cleaning coatings in PV
2.1.1 Cleaner glass means greater efficiencies
2.2 Self-repairing coatings in PV
2.2.1 PV durability: a reason for self repair
2.3 Electrochromic and thermochromic coatings in PV
2.3.1 Controlling power in PV panels
2.4 Other smart optical coatings for the PV industry
2.5 Can smart coatings fit easily into current PV manufacturing?
2.5.1 Smart coatings on substrates
2.5.2 Smart coatings on cover glasses or films
2.5.3 Smart coatings within the device itself
2.6 Opportunities for smart coatings by absorber material type
2.6.1 Crystalline silicon
2.6.2 Thin-film silicon
2.6.3 CdTe
2.6.4 CIGS
2.6.5 OPV and DSC
2.7 Key points made in this chapter

Chapter Three: Market Opportunities for Smart Coated PV

3.1 Maximizing performance through smart coatings
3.2.1 Self-cleaning and self-healing panels: Minimizing maintenance
3.2.2 Antireflection for PV: but are these coatings “smart”?
3.3 Market factors in favor of “dimming” PV panels
3.3.1 Safety concerns: turning off the power
3.3.2 Protecting the investment: avoiding degradation at high temperature
3.3.3 Double duty: PV by day, something else by night
3.3.4 Transparent PV windows: still a window, still a need for shading
3.3.5 Sensors, toys, and other off-grid markets that could use a “switch”
3.4 Key points made in this chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts of Smart Coatings for PV

4.1 Forecasting methodology
4.2 Forecasts of self-repairing and self-cleaning smart coatings for PV
4.3 Forecasts of electrochromic and thermochromic smart coatings for PV
4.4 Summary of forecasts

Executive Summary
E.1 Introduction: The "Smarts" in Smart Coatings
E.1.1 Smart Coatings and their Relationship to Other Types of Advanced Materials
E.2 The Business Case for Smart Materials: Two Ways to Make Money with Smart Coatings
E.2.1 Longevity and New Functionality: The Twin Promises of Smart Coatings
E.2.2 The Barriers to Growth in the Smart Coatings Market are Not Technical
E.3 Opportunities in Smart Coatings Considered by Functionality
E.3.1 Anti-Corrosion, Self-Cleaning and Anti-Microbial Smart Coatings
E.3.2 Self-Healing/Self-Repairing Coatings
E.3.3 Self-Stratifying Coatings
E.3.4 Self-Assembling/Self-Organizing Coatings
E.3.5 Smart Optical Coatings for Smart Windows and Other Applications
E.3.6 Drug Delivery and Related Medical Applications for Smart Coatings
E.3.7 Smart Coatings in Smart Textiles
E.4 Summary of NanoMarkets' Eight-Year Forecasts for Smart Coatings
E.5 Key Players to Watch
E.5.1 Self-Repair and Self-Healing materials
E.5.2 Thermochromic and Electrochromic Windows.
E.5.3 Bioactive and Antimicrobial Coatings
E.5.4 Corrosion Control Coatings

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to the Report
1.1.1 Definitions and Categorizations of Smart Coatings
1.1.2 Military Applications: Early Revenues for Smart Coatings
1.1.3 Medical Markets: Taking Advantage of Aging Populations
1.1.4 Smart Coatings, Smart Windows and the Construction Industry
1.1.5 Smart Coatings and Consumers
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Material and Technical Trends in Smart Coatings
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 A Note on One- and Two-way Smart Coatings
2.2 Functionality Trends and Roadmap for Smart Coatings: From Protection to Novel Functionality
2.2.1 Early Smart Coatings Products: Sometimes Not a Success
2.2.2 Today's Smart Coatings Products: Improving Total Cost of Ownership
2.2.3 Next-Generation Smart Coatings: New Functionality
2.3 Self-Repair and Self-Healing Coatings
2.3.1 Firms Active in the Self-Healing/Self-Repairing Coating Sector
2.3.2 Notes on Manufacturing of Self-Healing Coatings
2.4 Self-Stratifying Coatings
2.5 Self-Assembling/Self-Organizing Coatings
2.5.1 Self-Cleaning: Glass and Other Surfaces
2.6 Thermochromic, Photoresponsive and Color-Shifting Materials
2.6.1 Thermochromic Coatings
2.6.2 Electrochromic Coatings
2.6.3 Thermochromic and Electrochromic Paint
2.6.4 Suppliers of Thermochromic and Electrochromic Windows
2.6.5 Manufacturing Thermochromic and Electrochromic Windows
2.7 Pressure-Responsive Coatings
2.7.1 Touch Screens
2.7.2 Sensors
2.7.3 Energy Scavenging
2.7.4 Supply Structure for Pressure-Responsive Coatings
2.8 Bioactive and Anti-Microbial Smart Coatings
2.8.1 Active R&D in Smart Bio-Coating Space
2.8.2 Drug Delivery Coatings
2.9 Materials for Autonomous Corrosion Control
2.9.1 Corrosion Sensing
2.9.2 Self-Healing Corrosion Control
2.10 Key Points in this Chapter

Chapter Three: Smart Coatings Applications: Current and Future
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Smart Coatings in the Energy Sector
3.2.1 Photovoltaics: Cleaner Glass and Anti-Reflective Coatings
3.2.2 Fuel Cells, Smart Coatings and Beyond
3.2.3 Other Applications for Smart Coatings in the Energy Sector
3.3 Construction Industry Applications for Smart Coatings
3.3.1 Smart Coatings and Net Zero Homes
3.3.2 Smart Coatings in Thermochromic, Electrochromic and Photochromic Smart Windows
3.3.3 Anti-Microbial Paints and Anti-Corrosion Coatings
3.3.4 Self-Cleaning Surfaces
3.3.5 Self-Healing Paints
3.4 Medical Applications
3.4.1 Anti-Fouling and Anti-Microbial Applications
3.4.2 Drug Delivery and Anti-Inflammatory Applications
3.4.3 Diagnostic Sensing and Smart Coatings
3.5 Automotive and Transportation Applications for Smart Coatings
3.5.1 Fillers, Body Coatings, etc.
3.5.2 Suspensions and Braking Systems
3.5.3 Catalysts and Lubricants
3.5.4 Other Applications for Smart Coatings in the Automotive Segment
3.5.5 Applications for Smart Coatings in Non-Automotive Transportation Applications
3.6 Smart Coatings and Smart Textiles
3.6.1 Environmentally Responsive Textiles
3.6.2 Self-Cleaning Carpets
3.6.3 Fire Retardant Textiles
3.7 Smart Coatings in Electronics
3.8 Military Applications for Smart Coatings
3.8.1 Corrosion-Resistant, Wear-Resistant and Self-Healing Materials
3.8.2 Bio-Agent Detection
3.8.3 Camouflage
3.8 Key Points in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts of Smart Coatings Markets
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Military Applications
4.2.1 Corrosion-Resistant, Wear-Resistant and Self-Healing Materials
4.2.2 Biosensing Applications
4.2.3 Naval Anti-Fouling
4.2.4 Camouflage
4.2.5 Market Size Forecast by Materials
4.3 Medical Applications
4.3.1 Anti-microbial Paints and Coatings
4.3.2 Medical Drug Delivery Coatings
4.3.3 Medical Smart Coatings Market Size
4.4 Energy Applications
4.4.1 Batteries
4.4.2 Photovoltaic
4.4.3 Wind Turbines
4.4.4 Market Size Forecasts of Smart Coatings in Energy
4.5 Automotive and Transportation Sector
4.5.1 Fillers
4.5.2 Electrochromic Windows
4.5.3 Market Size Forecasts for Smart Coatings in Automotive and Transport Applications
4.6 Construction and Architectural Applications
4.6.1 Windows
4.6.2 Self-Cleaning Surfaces
4.6.3 Anti-Corrosion Coatings
4.6.4 Market Size Forecasts for Building and Construction
4.7 Smart Textiles
4.7.1 E-textiles
4.7.2 Fire Retardant Textiles
4.7.3 Market Size Forecasts by Material
4.7 Summary
Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Authors

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1: Selected Applications for Smart Coatings by Coating Type and industry Sector.

Exhibit E-2: Total Market Forecast of Smart Materials in Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 2-1: A crack in a self-healing material.

Exhibit 3-1: Pleotint's sunlight responsive thermo chromic windows.

Exhibit 4-1: Smart Coatings Forecast Coverage.

Exhibit 4-2: Forecast of Corrosion Resistant, Wear Resistant Smart Coatings for Military Applications: 2001-2018

Exhibit 4-3: Market Forecast of Bio-agent Detection Application of Smart Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-4: Market Forecast of Naval Anti-Fouling Smart Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-5: Market Forecast of Military Camouflage Smart Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-6: Market Forecast of Smart Materials in Coatings for Military Applications: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-7: Market Forecast of Medical Anti-Microbial Paints and Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-8: Market Forecast of Medical Drug Delivery Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-9: Market Forecast of Smart Materials in Coatings for Medical Applications: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-10: Market Forecast of Battery Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-11: Market Forecast of PV Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-12: Market Forecast of Wind Turbine Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-13: Market Forecast of Smart Materials in Coatings for Energy Applications: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-14: Market Forecast of Smart Coatings for Automotive Fillers: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-15: Market Forecast of Smart Coatings for Electrochromic Windows: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-16: Forecast of Smart Materials in Coatings for Automotive and Transport Applications: 2011-2018.

Exhibit 4-17: Market Forecast of Smart Coatings for Windows: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-18: Market Forecast of Smart Coatings for Self-Cleaning Surfaces: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-19: Market Forecast of Smart Coatings for Anti-Corrosion: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-20: Forecast of Smart Materials for Building and Architectural Applications: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-21: Market Forecast of Smart Coatings for E-Textiles: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-22: Market Forecast of Smart Coatings for Fire- Retardant Textiles: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-23: Market Forecast of Smart Materials for Textile Applications: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Exhibit 4-24: Total Market Forecast of Smart Materials in Coatings: 2011-2018 ($ Million)

Executive Summary
E.1 Why the Old Business Cases for ITO Alternatives are Not Enough
E.1.1 ITO and Costs: The Real Story
E.1.2 Why ITO Alternatives Have Never Made Money
E.2 Components of the New Business Case for ITO Alternatives
E.2.1 Business Cases for Mature Alternatives: TCOs and Polymers
E.2.2 Business Cases for Transparent Conductive Nanomaterials
E.3 Who Will Be the Early Adopters of Nanomaterial-Based Transparent Conductors?
E.4 Selling Manufacturers on the Benefits of Alternative Transparent Conductors

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Why Alternative Transparent Conductors May Not Take Off
1.1.2 Making the Business Case for ITO Alternatives
1.1.3 Footholds: Alternative TCOs and Conductive Polymers
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Technical and Cost Components of Transparent Conductor Business Cases
2.1 Current Material Choices for Transparent Conductors: From ITO to Nanomaterials
2.1.1 ITO
2.1.2 Other TCOs
2.1.3 Conductive Polymers
2.1.4 Nanosilver Films
2.1.5 Carbon Nanotube Films
2.2 Comparison of Transparent Conductors as Transparent Materials
2.2.1 Likelihood of Transparency Improvements: From Where Will They Emerge?
2.3 How Conductive are Transparent Conductors?
2.3.1 Likelihood of Improved Conductivity: From Where Will It Emerge?
2.4 The Flexibility and Resiliency Issue
2.4.1 How Fragile is ITO Really?
2.4.2 How Resilient are ITO Alternatives?
2.5 Cost Issues
2.5.1 Likely Cost Trends for ITO
2.5.2 Polymers and TCOs as Low-Cost Alternatives to ITO
2.5.3 Price Expectations for Nanomaterials Used as Transparent Conductors
2.4 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Three: Transparent Conductor Business Cases: Application by Application
3.1 The Ongoing Case for ITO in LCD Displays
3.1.1 Can ITO Ever be Dislodged from its Throne in the LCD Business?
3.1.2 Where a Case Has Been Made for an Alternative Transparent Conductor: The Case of the Plasma Display
3.2 Making the Case for ITO Replacement in Touch-Screen Displays
3.2.1 Analog Resistive
3.2.2 Projected Capacitive
3.3 Likely Trends for Transparent Conductors in the OLED Space
3.3.1 How the New AMOLED Makers are Likely to View Transparent Conductors
3.3.2 How Will the New OLED Lighting Business Look at Transparent Conductors?
3.4 Making the Business Case for Transparent Conductors in EPDs and Flexible Displays
3.5 How the Business Case for Transparent Conductors is Made in the PV Sector
3.5.1 Differences by Absorber Materials
3.5.2 Likely Impact of PV Industry Thinking on the Display Industry
3.6 The Business Case for Transparent Conductors in Antistatic Coatings and EMC Applications
3.7 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Author

List of Exhibits:

Exhibit E-1: Summary of Transparent Conductor Markets ($ Millions)
Exhibit 2-1: Transparent Conductor Material Types, Advantages, and Disadvantages
Exhibit 2-2: Transparency of Transparent Conductive Material Types
Exhibit 2-3: Sheet Resistance of Transparent Conductive Material Types
Exhibit 2-4: Flexibility of Transparent Conductive Material Types
Exhibit 2-5: Cost of Transparent Conductive Material Types
Exhibit 3-1: Important Parameters for Transparent Conductors Used for LCD Displays
Exhibit 3-2: Important Parameters for Transparent Conductors Used for Plasma Displays
Exhibit 3-3: Important Parameters for Transparent Conductors Used for Touch-Screen Displays
Exhibit 3-4: Important Parameters for Transparent Conductors Used for OLED Display Electrodes
Exhibit 3-5: Important Parameters for Transparent Conductors Used for OLED Lighting Electrodes
Exhibit 3-6: Important Parameters for Transparent Conductors Used for EPDs
Exhibit 3-7: Important Parameters for Transparent Conductors Used for PV Electrodes
Exhibit 3-8: Important Parameters for Transparent Conductors Used for ESD and EMC Applications

Executive Summary

E.1 OLED Lighting: A Push from the Supply Side
E.1.1 How to Interpret OLED Lighting Forecasts: What They Mean for Business Cases
E.1.2 OLED Lighting: The Emergence of an Industry
E.2 Who in the World Wants OLED Lighting?
E.2.1 Who are/will Be the Early Adopters of OLED Lighting?
E.2.2 Can OLEDs Replace Light Bulbs?
E.3 OLED Lighting: Technical Parameters and Expectations
E.3.1 Efficacy, OLEDs and Lighting Markets
E.3.2 Luminance, OLEDs and Lighting Markets
E.3.3 Light Quality: Advantage OLEDs?
E.4 The Fit Between OLED Lighting and Market Needs Will Change Over Time
E.5 Selling the Market on the Novel Features of OLEDs
E.6 Thinking Through the Pricing of OLED Lighting

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Four Reasons for Skepticism about the Prospects for OLED Lighting
1.1.2 Making the Business Case for OLED Lighting
1.1.3 From Luxury Light to Tomorrow's Light Bulb
1.2 Objective and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Markets, Drivers, Products and Market Gaps

2.1 Phasing out Incandescent Lights: How Powerful a Driver for OLED Lighting?
2.2 Impact on SSL of Direct Subsidies of CFLs
2.3 Early Markets for OLED Lighting: Designers and Designer Lights
2.3.1 Markets for OLED Lighting "Designer Kits"
2.3.2 Markets for OLED Lighting Designer Luminaires
2.4 The Shape of Mass Market OLED Lighting to Come: What Kind of Products?
2.4.1 Market Expansion Needs Enhanced OLED Capabilities
2.4.2 The Importance of "Panelization" for OLED Market Development
2.4.3 Integration with Other Types of Building Materials: Of Smart Windows and Building-Integrated OLED Lighting
2.4.4 Is There a Business Case for Flexible Lighting? And Why This Question is So Important
2.5 Special Requirements for Commercial and Industrial OLED Lighting: Fitting in With the Existing Lighting Infrastructure
2.5.1 OLED Lighting of the Future: OLED Bulbs and Tubes?
2.5.2 OLED Lighting of the Future: Special Considerations for Office Lighting
2.6 A Note on the Business Case for OLEDs in Architectural Lighting
2.7 A Note on the Business Case for OLEDs in Automotive/Vehicular Lighting
2.8 Key Points in this Chapter

Chapter Three: The Business Case for the OLED "Light Bulb"

3.1 Can OLED Panels Replace Bulbs and Tubes?
3.1.1 Important Conventional Parameters for Measuring OLED Lighting: Efficacy, Luminance and CRI
3.1.2 Why is OLED Light Different from All Other Lights?
3.2 Required Performance Criteria for General-Purpose OLED Lighting
3.2.1 Efficiency/Efficacy
3.2.2 Brightness/Luminance
3.2.3 Lifetimes
3.2.4 Light Quality and CRI
3.3 Pricing Considerations for General-Purpose OLED Lighting: OLED Lighting Today Still Out of the Ballpark
3.3.1 Traditional Strategies for Reducing OLED Costs
3.3.2 Current Pricing Expectations for OLED Lighting
3.3.3 Prospects for Consumer Acceptance of Total Cost of Ownership-Based Pricing
3.3.4 Appropriate Discount Rates for OLED Pricing/Cost Models
3.4 Key Points in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Products: The Business Case for Special Features in OLED Lighting

4.1 What Can an OLED Do, that Other Kinds of Lighting Can't Do?
4.1.1 The Case for Value-Added OLED Lighting
4.2 Large-Area Format Lighting: OLED Lighting as Panels
4.2.1 The Need for Larger Panel Sizes
4.2.2 Designing with Flexibility
4.2.3 Tunability and Transparency
4.3 Opportunities for Luminaire Makers and Designers
4.3.1 Luminaire Design Options
4.4 Economies of Scale and Manufacturing Issues
4.5 Key Points in this Chapter

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report

About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1: Summary of OLED Lighting Markets ($ Millions)

Exhibit E-2: Comparison of Light Source Parameters

Exhibit E-3: Addressable Markets and Niches for OLED Lighting

Exhibit 2-1: Phasing Out the Incandescent Bulb: Policies Worldwide

Exhibit 2-2: Early OLED Lighting Products: Ideas and Concepts

Exhibit 2-3: Business Cases for Flexible OLED Lighting Products

Exhibit 3-1: Early OLED Lighting Products: The Pricing Story So Far

Exhibit 4-1: Unique/Value-Added Opportunities for OLED Lighting

Executive Summary
E.1 The TFPV Business: What Has Changed in the Last Year?
E.2 Key Opportunities for Suppliers of Absorber and Junction Materials
E.2.1 The Thin-Film Silicon Perspective
E.2.2 The CdTe Perspective
E.2.3 The CIGS Perspective
E.3 Key Opportunities for Suppliers of Non-Absorber Layer Materials Used in TFPV
E.3.1 Substrate Supplier Opportunities
E.3.2 Encapsulation Materials Opportunities
E.3.3 The Electrode and Antireflection Materials Supplier Perspective
E.4 Firms to Watch in the TFPV Materials Market
E.4.1 Thin-Film Silicon Materials Suppliers
E.4.2 CdTe Materials Suppliers
E.4.3 CIGS Materials Suppliers
E.5 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of TFPV Materials Markets

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Thin-Film Silicon: Beyond Amorphous Silicon?
1.1.2 CdTe: Is There Life Beyond First Solar and What Does It Mean for Materials Suppliers?
1.1.3 CIGS: If Not Now, When?
1.1.4 BIPV, TFPV, Flexibility and Materials
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Thin-Film Silicon: Still in the Game
2.1 Changing Direction after the End of the Silicon Shortage
2.1.1 Impact on Materials Suppliers
2.2 Evolution of Cell Architectures
2.2.1 Impact on Materials Suppliers
2.3 Opportunities for Suppliers of Silicon Absorber Layer Materials
2.3.1 Amorphous Silicon
2.3.2 Microcrystalline Silicon
2.3.3 Nanocrystalline Silicon
2.3.4 SiGe
2.3.5 Printed Silicon PV and Silicon Inks: When Will Their Time Come Around?
2.4 Opportunities for Suppliers of Electrode Materials
2.4.1 Transparent Electrode Materials
2.4.2 Other Electrode and Reflector Materials
2.5 Opportunities for Suppliers of Substrates and Encapsulation Materials
2.6 Silane and Chemical Safety Issues and their Impact on Materials Suppliers
2.7 Key Suppliers of Thin-Film Silicon Materials
2.7.1 Air Liquide
2.7.2 Dow Corning
2.7.3 Linde Group
2.7.4 DuPont
2.7.5 Praxair
2.7.6 Voltaix
2.7.7 Evonik
2.7.8 Innovalight
2.7.9 NanoGram
2.7.10 Sixtron
2.7.11 Applied Materials
2.7.12 Oerlikon Solar
2.7.13 Ulvac
2.8 Key Points in this Report

Chapter Three: CdTe PV: Lowest Cost Option?
3.1 Can Other CdTe Firms Capture Market Share from First Solar?
3.1.1 Alternatives to First Solar's Manufacturing Strategy
3.1.2 Impact on Materials Suppliers
3.2 Evolution of Cell Architectures
3.2.1 Impact on Materials Suppliers
3.3 Opportunities for Suppliers of CdTe Absorber Layer Materials
3.3.1 Next-Generation Absorber Layer Materials
3.3.2 CdS Junction Layer Materials
3.4 Opportunities for Suppliers of Electrode Materials
3.4.1 Transparent Electrode Materials
3.4.2 Other Electrode and Reflector Materials
3.5 Opportunities for Suppliers of Substrates and Encapsulation Materials
3.6 Health and Safety Concerns: Cadmium and Tellurium
3.6.1 Cadmium
3.6.2 Tellurium
3.6.3 Impact on Suppliers
3.7 Key Suppliers of CdTe Materials
3.7.1 5N Plus
3.7.2 Apollo Solar Energy
3.7.3 Redlen Technologies
3.7.4 Other Firms
3.8 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Materials for CIGS Thin-Film Photovoltaics
4.1 What are the Current Prospects for CIGS in the New PV Environment?
4.1.1 The Indium Question
4.2 Evolution of Cell Architectures
4.2.1 Impact on Materials and Suppliers
4.3 Opportunities for Suppliers of CIGS Absorber Layer Materials
4.3.1 Absorber Layer Composition: CIS vs. CIGS
4.3.2 Other Absorber Layer Compositional and Structural Features
4.4 Opportunities for Suppliers of Electrode Materials
4.4.1 Transparent Electrode Materials
4.4.2 Other Electrode, Reflector Materials
4.4.3 Antireflection Materials
4.5 CIGS Deposition and Raw Materials
4.5.1 Vacuum Deposition
4.5.2 Printing and CIGS Inks
4.5.3 Electrodeposition
4.5.4 Impact of Changing Prospects for CIG and CIGS Manufacturing Strategies on Materials Manufacturers
4.6 Opportunities for Suppliers of Substrates and Encapsulation Materials
4.7 Key Suppliers of Materials Unique to CIGS PV
4.7.1 Sputtering Materials
4.7.2 Indium Corporation
4.7.3 Umicore
4.7.4 American Elements
4.7.5 Nanoco
4.8 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Five: Emerging Market Opportunities for Non-Absorber Materials in Inorganic TFPV Markets—Substrates, Encapsulation and Electrodes
5.1 Substrates
5.1.1 Rigid Substrates
5.1.2 Flexible Substrates and BIPV Products
5.1.3 Key Suppliers of TFPV Substrates
5.2 Transparent Electrode Materials
5.2.1 New TCO's for TFPV: FTO, ITO, and AZO
5.2.2 Future Transparent Conductors: CNTs, other Nanomaterials, and Composites
5.2.3 Key Suppliers of Transparent Electrode Materials for TFPV
5.3 Nontransparent Electrode Materials
5.3.1 Key Suppliers of Nontransparent Electrode Materials for TFPV
5.4 Encapsulation and Antireflection Materials

Chapter Six: Eight-Year Forecasts of TFPV Materials Markets
6.1 Forecasting Methodology
6.1.1 Information Sources
6.1.2 Changes from Last Year's Forecasts and Scope of Forecasts
6.1.3 Alternative Scenarios and Other Factors Taken Into Consideration
6.2 Absorber Material Revenues by TFPV Technologies
6.3 Forecasts of Materials Specific to Thin-Film Silicon PV
6.3.1 Thin-Film Silicon PV Materials Overview
6.3.2 Major Thin-Film Silicon Absorber Materials
6.3.3 Thin-Film Silicon PV Substrate Materials
6.3.4 Back Electrode Materials for TF Si PV
6.2.5 Printed Silicon Hybrid Cells
6.2.6 Printing for Thin-Film Silicon Cells
6.4 Forecasts of Materials Specific to CdTe PV
6.4.1 CdTe PV Materials Overview
6.4.2 Tellurium and CdTe Absorber Materials
6.4.3 CdTe PV Deposition Methods
6.4.4 CdTe PV Substrate Materials
6.4.5 Back Electrode Materials for CdTe PV
6.5 Forecasts of Materials Specific to CIGS PV
6.5.1 CIGS PV Materials Overview
6.5.2 CIGS Absorber Layer Materials
6.5.3 CIGS Deposition Methods
6.4.4 CIGS PV Substrate Materials
6.5.5 Back Electrode Materials for CIGS PV
6.6 Forecasts of Materials Shared by the Thin-Film PV Technologies
6.6.1 Front Electrode Materials
6.6.2 Encapsulation and Antireflection Materials
6.7 Summary of Market Forecasts
Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1
Summary of Worldwide Markets for TFPV Materials ($ Millions)

Exhibit 6-1
Absorber Material Revenues by TFPV Technology

Exhibit 6-2
Worldwide Market for Materials Used in Thin-Film Silicon PV Cells

Exhibit 6-3
Materials Used in the TF Si Absorber Layer

Exhibit 6-4
Substrate Materials for TF Si PV Cells

Exhibit 6-5
Back (Non-transparent) Electrode Materials for TF Si PV Cells

Exhibit 6-6
Materials Used in Printed Silicon Hybrid PV Cells

Exhibit 6-7
Materials Used in Printed Thin-Film Silicon PV Cells

Exhibit 6-8
Worldwide Market for Materials Used in CdTe PV Cells

Exhibit 6-9
Worldwide Market for Materials Used in the CdTe Absorber Layer

Exhibit 6-10
Worldwide Market for Materials for CdTe Absorber Layer by Deposition Method

Exhibit 6-11
Worldwide Market of Substrate Materials for CdTe PV Cells

Exhibit 6-12
Worldwide Market for Back (Non-transparent) Electrode Materials for CdTe PV Cells

Exhibit 6-13
Worldwide Market of the Materials Used in CIGS PV Cells

Exhibit 6-14
Worldwide Market for the Materials Used in the CIGS Absorber Layer

Exhibit 6-15
Worldwide Market of the Materials Used in CIGS Absorber Layer by Deposition Method

Exhibit 6-16
Worldwide Market of the Substrate Materials for CIGS PV Cells

Exhibit 6-17
Back (Nontransparent) Electrode Materials for CIGS PV Cells
(Cells with Back Electrode Separate from Substrate)

Exhibit 6-18
Worldwide Market of Front Electrode Materials for TFPV Cells

Exhibit 6-19
Encapsulation Materials Market for TFPV Cells

Exhibit 6-20
Summary of Worldwide Markets for TFPV Materials ($ Millions)

Exhibit 6-21
Summary of Absorber Materials by Commodity Type ($ Millions)

Executive Summary
E.1 Key Issues in the Touch-Screen Industry
E.2 The Growing Importance of Multi-Touch
E.3 Opportunities by Technology
E.3.1 Analog Resistive Technology
E.3.2 Surface Capacitive Technology
E.3.3 Acoustic Pulse Recognition
E.3.4 Dispersive Signal Technology
E.3.5 Force Sensing
E.3.6 Projected Capacitive Touch Screens
E.3.7 Infrared Technology
E.3.8 Surface Acoustic Wave Technology
E.3.9 Optical Touch Screens
E.3.10 Vision-Based Optical
E.3.11 Digital Resistive Technology
E.3.12 Waveguide InfraredRPO
E.3.13 LCD-Based Touch-in-Pixel
E.4 Market Segments: Multi-Touch and Display Size
E.5 Structure of the Industry: Firms to Watch
E.5.1 Can LCD Display Makers Get into the Touch-Display Business?
E.6 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of the Touch-Screen Market
E.7 Opportunities for Materials and Component Manufacturers
E.7.1 Opportunities for Optoelectronic Devices
E.7.2 Opportunities for Touch-Screen Controllers
E.7.3 Opportunities for Optical Coatings, Films and Adhesives
E.7.4 Opportunities for Transparent Conductors in Touch Screens

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Touch Screens: Why Now?
1.1.2 Patents and Technology Proliferation: The Supply Side
1.1.3 The Supply Side: Meeting Market Needs
1.1.4 New Applications: Beyond Kiosks, ATMs and Mobile Phones
1.1.5 Changing Industry Structure: The Rise of the Display Manufacturers
1.2 Objective and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology and Information Sources for this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Touch-Screen Technologies
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Mature and Emerging Technologies
2.1.2 The Importance of Multi-Touch
2.1.3 The Role that Patents Play
2.1.4 Classifications of Touch-Screen Technologies
2.2 Analog Resistive Touch Screens
2.2.1 Current Technology, Materials, Limitations and Applications
2.2.2 Future Development of Analog Resistive Touch-Screen Technologies
2.3 Surface Capacitive Touch Screens
2.3.1 Current Technology, Limitations and Applications
2.3.2 Wacoms Variation on the Surface Capacitive Theme
2.3.3 Future Development and Potential for Surface Capacitive Touch-Screen Technologies
2.3.4 Expected Improvements in Manufacturing and Materials for Surface Capacitive Touch Screens
2.4 Acoustic Pulse Recognition Touch Screens: Elo
2.4.1 Current Technology, Limitations and Applications
2.5 Dispersive Signal Technology Touch Screens: 3M
2.5.1 Current Technology, Limitations and Applications
2.5.2 DST vs. APR
2.6 Force Sensing Touch Screens: Vissumo
2.6.1 Current Technology, Limitations and Applications
2.7 Projected Capacitive Touch Screens
2.7.1 Current Technology, Limitations and Applications
2.7.2 Multi-Touch Capabilities
2.7.3 Future Development and Potential for Projected Capacitive Touch-Screen Technologies
2.7.4 Expected Improvements in Manufacturing and Materials for Projected Capacitive Touch Screens
2.8 Infrared Technology Touch Screens
2.8.1 Current Technology, Limitations and Applications
2.9 Surface Acoustic Wave Touch Screens (SAW)
2.9.1 Current Technology, Limitations and Applications
2.9.2 Expected Improvements in Manufacturing and Materials for SAW Technologies
2.10 Optical Touch Screens
2.10.1 Current Technology and Limitations
2.11 Vision-Based Optical
2.11.1 Microsoft Surface
2.12 Digital Resistive
2.12.1 Current Technology, Limitations and Applications
2.13 Waveguide Infrared--RPO
2.14 LCD-Based Touch-in-Pixel
2.14.1 Optical Technologies
2.14.2 Switched-Based Technologies
2.14.3 Capacitive-Based Technologies
2.15 Other Touch-Screen Technologies
2.15.1 Touchco
2.15.2 FlatFrog
2.16 Beyond Touch Screen: The Relationship to Haptics and Other Touch Technology
2.17 Materials and Components for Touch-Screens
2.17.1 Optical Films and Coatings in Touch Screens
2.17.2 ITO, Other Transparent Conductors and Touch Screens
2.17.3 Substrates and Encapsulation for Touch Screens
2.18 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Three: Market Requirements for Touch-Screen Technologies
3.1 Current Drivers for Touch-Screen Technology
3.1.1 Proliferation of Displays
3.1.2 Growing Sophistication of Touch-Screen Technology
3.1.3 Need to Provide Simple Interfaces in a High-Tech Product Environment
3.1.4 Cost Improvements for Touch-Screen Technology
3.2 Factors Retarding the Touch-Screen Technology Market
3.2.1 Touch-Screen and the Macroeconomic Environment
3.2.2 Over-reaching with the Technology
3.2.3 Creative Destruction in the Touch-Technology Industry
3.3 Important Performance Metrics for Touch Screens
3.3.1 Factors Related to the Touch Device
3.3.2 Durability and Stability
3.2.3 Flush Surfaces
3.4 Touch Screens and Non-LCD Displays: OLEDs and E-paper
3.5 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts of Touch-Screen Technologies and Applications
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Which Applications and Technologies Should We Forecast?
4.1.2 Pricing Assumptions
4.2 Eight-Year Forecasts of Touch-Screen Technology in Kiosks
4.2.1 Information Kiosks
4.2.2 Commerce Kiosks
4.2.3 Kiosk Industry Trends and the Need for Touch-Screen Technology
4.2.4 Touch-Screen Technologies Used in Kiosks
4.3 Eight-Year Forecasts of Touch-Screen Technology in ATMs
4.3.1 The Need for Touch-Screen Technologies in ATMs
4.3.2 Touch-Screen Technologies Used in ATMs
4.4 Eight-Year Forecasts of Touch-Screen Technology in POS Terminals
4.4.1 The Need and Use of Touch-Screen Technologies in POS Terminals
4.5 Eight-Year Forecasts of Touch-Screen Technology in Handheld Mobile Devices
4.5.1 Mobile Industry Trends
4.5.2 The Need and Use of Touch Screens in Mobile Devices
4.6 Eight-Year Forecasts for Touch Screens in Office Automation and PCs
4.6.1 The Need and Use of Touch Screens in Office Automation and PCs
4.7 Eight-Year Forecasts for Touch Screens in Gaming Systems
4.7.1 The Need and Use of Touch Screens in Large Gaming Systems
4.7.2 Touch-Screen Technology Used in Large Gaming Systems
4.8 Eight-Year Forecasts of Touch-Screen Technology in Digital Signage
4.8.1 Touch-Screen Technology for the Digital Signage Market
4.9 Eight-Year Forecasts of Touch-Screen Technology in Vehicular Displays
4.9.1 The Automobile/Truck Market for Touch-Screen Displays
4.10 Other Touch-Screen Applications in Specific Industries
4.10.1 Factory Automation
4.10.2 Medical and Healthcare Equipment Applications
4.10.3 Educational and Training Applications
4.10.4 Household Appliances
4.11 A Note on Architectural Applications
4.12 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Touch-Screen Displays
4.13 Eight-Year Forecasts of Coatings, Components and Other Materials Used in Touch-Screen Displays
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used In this Report

List of Exhibits
Exhibit E-1: Touch-Screen Technologies by Size and Multi-Touch Functionality
Exhibit E-2: Touch-Screen Technology Suppliers by Technology
Exhibit E-3: Eight-Year Forecasts of Revenues from Touch-Screen Displays ($ Millions)
Exhibit E-4: Coatings, Films and Adhesives for Touch-Screen Display Technologies
Exhibit 1-1: Major Touch-Screen Technologies
Exhibit 2-1: Touch-Screen Technologies: By Maturity and Multi-Touch Support
Exhibit 2-2: Touch-in-Pixel Technologies
Exhibit 4-1: Pricing for Touch-Screen Technology
Exhibit 4-2: Worldwide Market for Kiosk Touch Screens
Exhibit 4-3: Worldwide Market for ATM Touch Screens
Exhibit 4-4: Worldwide Market for POS Terminal Touch Screens
Exhibit 4-5: Worldwide Market for Mobile Touch Screens
Exhibit 4-6: Worldwide Market for PCs and Office Automation Equipment
Exhibit 4-7: Worldwide Market for Casino and Large Amusement Gaming Touch Screens
Exhibit 4-8: Worldwide Market for Touch Screens in Digital Signage
Exhibit 4-9: Worldwide Market for Touch Screens in Vehicular Applications
Exhibit 4-10: Worldwide Market for Touch Screens Used for Control Panels for Appliances, Medical Devices and Industrial Equipment
Exhibit 4-11: Eight-Year Forecasts of Revenues from Touch-Screen Displays by Technology ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-12: Eight-Year Forecasts of Revenues from Touch-Screen Displays by Application ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-13: Forecast of Volume Demand for Materials Requirements in Touch-Screen Displays
Exhibit 4-14: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials Use by Type in Touch-Screen Displays

Executive Summary
E.1 2010:The Slow Road to Recovery and the Impact on Transparent Conductor Markets
E.2 ITO's Strongholds: Where ITO Is Assured of a Growing Market
E.3 ITO Ceding Ground: Where Alternative Transparent Conductors Will Make Major Inroads
E.4 Opportunities for Other Transparent Conducting Oxides
E.5 Opportunities for Transparent Organic Conductors
E.6 Opportunities for Nanomaterials
E.7 Firms to Watch
E.8 Summary of Forecasts

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 The Cost of ITO: Certain to be Uncertain
1.1.2 The Alternative Transparent Conductors: Trying Again
1.1.3 The Applications: Will They Stay with ITO or Will They Go?
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: New Developments in ITO and Other Transparent Conductors
2.1 Introduction
2.2 ITO and Cost: The Rebounding Market for Indium
2.2.1 Is the Indium Market Different Now than Before the Recession?
2.2.2 Recycling and Reclamation of Indium and ITO
2.2.3 Will the Indium Scare Return?
2.3 Addressing ITO's Flexibility and Wastage Concerns: Alternative Deposition
2.3.1 ITO Inks and Printing
2.3.2 Particle Production for Inks and Other Deposition Processes
2.4 Addressing Just the Cost: Other Transparent Conducting Oxides
2.4.1 Tin Oxide and Coated Glass Substrates
2.4.2 Zinc Oxide and the Top of the Layer Stack
2.4.3 Other TCOs, With and Without Indium
2.5 Transparent Organic Conductors as a Low-Cost, Flexible Alternative
2.5.1 PEDOT:PSS and Performance
2.5.2 Cost Trends for PEDOT:PSS
2.6 Nanosilver and Other Nanometals: Metal's New Life as a Conductor
2.6.1 From Metal Grids to Random Metal Networks
2.6.2 Cost Considerations with Nanosilver
2.6.3 Nanosilver's Opportunities
2.7 Carbon Nanotubes: The Prospect of Higher Performance and Lower Cost
2.7.1 Limiting the Carbon Nanotube: Making Them "Just Conductors"
2.7.2 Opportunities for Transparent Carbon Nanotube Films
2.7.3 The Carbon Nanotube Cost Roadmap
2.7.4 A Word about Graphene
2.8 Key Points Made In This Chapter

Chapter Three: Applications and Markets for ITO and Other Transparent Conductors
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Conventional Flat-Panel Display Markets: Stuck On ITO
3.2.1 Efforts to Introduce Different Transparent Conductors
3.2.2 What Will It Take to Displace ITO?
3.3 E-Paper, OLEDs, and the Promise of Flexibility
3.3.1 Where E-Paper Stands with Regard to Transparent Conductors
3.3.2 The Elusive Goal of Flexibility
3.4 Touch Screens: Increasing Demands on Transparent Conductors
3.4.1 Analog-Resistive Touch Screens and the Durability Issue
3.4.2 Analog-Resistive Touch Screens and the Cost Issue
3.4.3 Projected-Capacitive Touch Screens: Where Transparency and Conductivity Rule
3.4.4 Transparent Conductors in Other Touch-Screen Technologies
3.5 Photovoltaics: ITO on the Way Out
3.5.1 Thin-Film Silicon and the Ongoing Exodus from ITO
3.5.2 OPV and DSC: What Will Replace ITO, and Will It Matter?
3.5.3 Are FTO and AZO Here to Stay?
3.6 Solid-State Lighting: Rapid Changes and the Impact on Transparent Conductors
3.6.1 The Quest for Anything But ITO
3.6.2 When Will OLED Lighting Go Flexible?
3.7 Other Applications for Transparent Conductive Coatings
3.7.1 Transparent Antistatic Coatings
3.7.2 Transparent Electromagnetic Shielding
3.8 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts for ITO and Alternative Transparent Conductor Markets
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Market Segments Covered
4.1.2 Differences from Last Year's Forecasts
4.2 Alternative Scenarios
4.3 Eight-Year Forecasts of ITO and Other Transparent Conductors by Material Type
4.4 Eight-Year Forecasts of ITO and Other Transparent Conductors by Application
4.4.1 Flat-Panel Displays
4.4.2 Touch-Screen Displays
4.4.3 Flexible and E-Paper Displays
4.4.4 OLED Lighting
4.4.5 Thin-Film and Organic Photovoltaics
4.4.6 Electromagnetic Shielding and Antistatic Coatings
4.5 Summary of Forecasts
Abbreviations an Acronyms Used In this Report
About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1: Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Transparent Conductive Materials by Material Type
Exhibit E-2: Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Transparent Conductive Materials by Application ($ Millions)
Exhibit 2-1: Indium Price and Production Trends (Values in Metric Tons Unless Noted)
Exhibit 2-2: Council to Promote Commercialization of Zinc Oxide Film
Exhibit 4-1: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Material Type ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-2: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials Requirements in Flat-Panel Displays
Exhibit 4-3: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Type in Flat-Panel Displays
Exhibit 4-4: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials Requirements in Touch-Screen Displays
Exhibit 4-5: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Type in Touch Screen Displays
Exhibit 4-6: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Material Requirements in Flexible and E-Paper Displays
Exhibit 4-7: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Type in Flexible and E-Paper Displays
Exhibit 4-8: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials Requirements in OLED Lighting
Exhibit 4-9: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Type in OLED Lighting
Exhibit 4-10: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials Requirements in Thin-Film and Organic Photovoltaics
Exhibit 4-11: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Type in Thin-Film Photovoltaics
Exhibit 4-12: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Type in Electromagnetic Shielding
Exhibit 4-13: Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Type in Antistatic Coatings
Exhibit 4-14: Summary of Forecast of Transparent Conductive Materials by Application ($ Millions)

Executive Summary
E.1 What Will it Take for Display Makers to Give Up Their ITO Habit?
E.1.1 LCD, ITO, and the Future
E.1.2 Will Next-Gen Display Makers Love ITO Alternatives?
E.2 Opportunities and Threats for ITO Suppliers in the Display Industry
E.3 Opportunities for Other TCOs
E.4 Opportunities for Nanomaterials and Conductive Polymer Firms
E.4.1 Nanosilver Films
E.4.2 Carbon Nanotube Films
E.4.3 Conductive Polymers
E.5 The New Prospects for OLEDs, Touch Screens, and Flexible Displays—and Their Transparent Conductor Needs
E.6 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Transparent Conductors for Displays

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Conventional Flat-Panel Displays: How Long Can They Tolerate ITO’s High Cost?
1.1.2 Other Display Technologies: When Will They Pull the Trigger?
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Transparent Conductors and How They Impact the Display Market
2.1 The New Indium Scare: China and Its Price Expectations for Indium
2.1.1 Impact on Mainstream Display Makers
2.2 Other TCOs: Can They Provide a Lower-Cost Alternative to ITO?
2.2.1 Tin Oxide and Plasma Displays
2.2.2 Are Other TCOs Really a Drop-In Replacement?
2.3 Other Types of Transparent Conductors for Displays
2.3.1 Transparent Conductive Polymers: Can They Match ITO in Performance?
2.3.2 Nanosilver-Based Materials: Can They Beat ITO in Performance?
2.3.3 Carbon Nanotube Films: When Will They Be a Realistic Alternative?
2.4 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Three: Display Markets and Opportunities for Transparent Conductors
3.1 Conventional FPDs
3.1.1 Impact of LCD Economies of Scale on Transparent Conductor Choice
3.1.2 Plasma Displays: Do they Have a Future? Should Transparent Conductor Firms Care?
3.2 OLED Displays and Transparent Conductors
3.2.1 Transparent Conductors in Passive Matrix OLED Displays
3.2.2 Transparent Conductors in Active Matrix OLED Displays
3.2.3 The Quest to Get Rid of ITO in OLEDs
3.3 Touch-Screen Displays
3.3.1 Analog Resistive Touch Screens: ITO’s Brittleness and Cost Issues
3.3.2 Projected-Capacitive, No-Flex Touch-Screens: A Better Fit for ITO?
3.3.3 Transparent Conductors for In-Pixel Touch Panels
3.4 Electrophoretic Displays: A New Growth Market for Transparent Conductors
3.5 Flexible Displays: What Kind of Transparent Conductor Will They Need and When Will They Need It?
3.6 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts for Transparent Conductors in Displays
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Data Sources
4.1.2 Scope of Forecast
4.1.3 Alternative Scenarios
4.2 Forecasts of Transparent Conductor Use by Display Type
4.2.1 LCD and Plasma Displays
4.2.2 OLED Displays
4.2.3 Touch Screens
4.2.4 Electrophoretic Displays
4.2.5 Flexible Displays
4.3 Forecasts of Transparent Conductor Use by Material Type
4.3.1 ITO
4.3.2 Other TCOs
4.3.3 Conductive Polymers
4.3.4 Nanosilver-Based Materials
4.3.5 Carbon Nanotube-Based Materials
4.4 Summary of Forecasts

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1: Summary of Transparent Conductor Markets in Displays.

Exhibit 4-1: Transparent Conductor Use in Small LCD Displays.

Exhibit 4-2: Transparent Conductor Use in Large LCD Displays.

Exhibit 4-3: Transparent Conductor Use in Plasma Displays.

Exhibit 4-4: Transparent Conductor Use in OLED Displays.

Exhibit 4-5: Transparent Conductor Use in Touch Screens.

Exhibit 4-6: Transparent Conductor Use in Electrophoretic Displays.

Exhibit 4-7: Transparent Conductor Use in Flexible Displays.

Exhibit 4-8: ITO Use in Displays.

Exhibit 4-9: Other TCO Use in Displays.

Exhibit 4-10: Transparent Conductive Polymer Use in Displays.

Exhibit 4-11: Transparent Nanosilver-Based Conductor Use in Displays.

Exhibit 4-12: Transparent Carbon Nanotube Film Use in Displays.

Exhibit 4-13: Summary of Transparent Conductor Use in Displays by Material Type.

Exhibit 4-14: Summary of Transparent Conductor Use in Displays by Display Type.

Executive Summary
E.1 How Long Can TCOs Reign in the PV World and What Comes Next?
E.1.1 Opportunities for ITO Firms—Are There Any?
E.1.2 Opportunities for Other TCO Firms in the PV Space
E.2 Opportunities for Nanomaterials and Conductive Polymer Firms in the PV Space
E.2.1 Leading Nanomaterial/Conductive Polymer Firms Targeting the PV Transparent Conductor Space
E.3 How New Developments in the Transparent Conductor Space will Create Opportunities for PV Panel Makers
E.4 Summary of Eight-Year Forecasts of Transparent Conductors for OLEDs

Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 The Market for Low-Cost Manufacturing
1.1.2 The Market for High Flexibility
1.1.3 Where Does ITO Fit In?
1.2 Objectives and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Transparent Conductors and How They Impact the PV Market
2.1 Where ITO is Still Used and Why
2.2 Other TCOs: Tin Oxide and Zinc Oxide
2.2.1 Why Tin Oxide for PV?
2.2.2 Why Zinc Oxide for PV?
2.2.3 What About Other TCOs?
2.2.4 Why Would PV Ever Leave TCOs?
2.3 Other Types of Transparent Conductors for PV
2.3.1 Transparent Conductive Polymers: Are They Realistic?
2.3.2 Nanosilver and Other Nanometals: Coming Soon?
2.3.3 Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene: Future Success Story or Also-Ran?
2.4 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Three: Photovoltaics Markets and Opportunities for Transparent Conductors
3.1 Transparent Conductors in Thin-Film and Organic PV
3.1.1 CdTe PV
3.1.2 Thin-Film Silicon PV
3.1.3 CIGS PV
3.1.4 OPV and DSC
3.1.5 What About BIPV?
3.2 Flexible PV and Its Impact on Transparent Conductor Markets
3.2.1 How Flexible is “Flexible”: Will TCOs Work?
3.2.2 What the Industry Wants from a Flexible Transparent Conductor
3.3 Low Temperature and R2R Processing: Will They Fracture the TCOs?
3.3.1 The High Cost of Vacuum Deposition
3.3.2 Can Temperatures Be Reduced and Will It Save Money?
3.4 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts for Transparent Conductors in PV
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Data Sources
4.1.2 Scope of Forecast
4.1.3 Alternative Scenarios
4.2 Forecasts of Transparent Conductor Use by PV Technology
4.2.1 CdTe PV
4.2.2 Thin-Film Silicon PV
4.2.3 CIGS PV
4.2.4 OPV and DSC
4.3 Forecasts of Transparent Conductor Use by Material Type
4.3.1 ITO
4.3.2 Other TCOs
4.3.3 Conductive Polymers
4.3.4 Nanosilver-Based Films
4.3.5 Carbon Nanotube Films
4.4 Summary of Forecasts
Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report
About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1: Summary of Transparent Conductor Markets for Use in PV..
Exhibit 4-1: Transparent Conductor Use in CdTe PV Cells.
Exhibit 4-2: Transparent Conductor Use in Thin-Film Silicon PV Cells.
Exhibit 4-3: Transparent Conductor Use in CIGS PV Cells.
Exhibit 4-4: Transparent Conductor Use in OPV and DSC Cells.
Exhibit 4-5: ITO Use in PV Cells.
Exhibit 4-6: Other TCO Use in PV Cells.
Exhibit 4-7: Transparent Conductive Polymer Use in PV Cells.
Exhibit 4-8: Transparent Nanosilver-Based Conductor Use in PV Cells.
Exhibit 4-9: Transparent Carbon Nanotube Film Use in PV Cells.
Exhibit 4-10: Summary of Transparent Conductor Use in PV.

Executive Summary

E.1 Introduction: Changes from Last Year
E.2 Zinc Oxide: Potential for New Business Revenues in the Electronics Market
E.2.1 ZnO as ITO Substitute
E.2.2 ZnO as a Semiconductor: ZnO TFTs
E.2.3 ZnO in PV Electrodes
E.2.4 Transparent Electronics: Fantasy or Reality?
E.2.5 ZnO LEDs and the Lighting Market
E.2.6 Opportunities for ZnO in the Sensor Market
E.3 Implications for Materials and Manufacturing Equipment Companies
E.3.1 Thin-film ZnO Manufacturing
E.3.2 Single-Crystal ZnO Manufacturing
E.3.3 ZnO Nanostructures
E.4 Firms to Watch
E.4.1 ZnO Thin-Film Companies
E.4.2 ZnO Single-Crystal Companies
E.4.3 Device Firms
E.5 Summary of Eight-year Market Forecasts
E.5.1 Niche Opportunities for ZnO
E.5.2 Uncertainties and the Three Types of ZnO Electronics Opportunities

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background to this Report
1.1.1 Current and Future Opportunities for ZnO Electronics
1.1.2 The Core Value Proposition of ZnO as an Electronics Material
1.1.3 ZnO Electronics, Nanoelectronics and p-Type Semiconductors: Research Directions
1.2 Objective and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: ZnO in Electronics—A Technology Appraisal

2.1 Introduction: Overview of the ZnO Business
2.2 ZnO: Primary Production Processes
2.3 ZnO Intermediary Products
2.3.1 ZnO Bulk Coatings
2.3.2 ZnO Thin Films
2.3.3 Single Crystalline ZnO
2.4 Dopants and ZnO
2.4.1 n-Type Dopants
2.4.2 p-Type Dopants
2.5 ZnO Nanostructures and Nanopowders

Chapter Three: Electronics Markets for ZnO

3.1 ZnO in Electronics: Value Proposition and Market Segmentation
3.1.1 Market Segmentation for ZnO Electronics
3.2 Mature Electronic ZnO Coatings markets
3.2.1 Antistatic Coatings
3.2.2 EMI/RFI Coatings
3.2.3 UV Filters and Optical Coatings
3.3 ZnO Coatings for the Transparent Conductor and TFT Markets
3.3.1 Cost Advantages of ZnO as an ITO Alternative
3.3.2 Manufacturing Advantages of ZnO as an ITO Alternative
3.3.3 LCD Displays
3.3.4 EL Lighting
3.3.5 OLED Displays and Lighting: ZnO for ITO and TFTs
3.3.6 Touch-Screen Displays: ZnO in Touch Sensors
3.3.7 E-paper Displays
3.4 ZnO for Photovoltaics (PV) Electrodes
3.4.1 ZnO in Thin-Film Silicon PV
3.4.2 ZnO in CIGS PV
3.4.3 ZnO in Organic and DSC PV
3.5 ZnO, Varistors and SAW Filters: Mature Markets for ZnO in Electronics
3.5.1 Varistors
3.5.2 SAW Filters
3.6 ZnO and Sensors
3.6.1 Piezoelectric Sensors
3.6.2 Sensors and ZnO Nanostructures
3.6.3 UV Detectors
3.6.4 Gas Sensors
3.6.5 Biosensors
3.6.6 Other ZnO Sensors
3.7 Emerging Applications for ZnO in Electronics
3.7.1 ZnO-Based LEDs and Lasers
3.7.2 ZnO and UV LEDs
3.7.3 ZnO-based TFTs
3.7.4 Notes on ZnO and Transparent Electronics
3.7.5 Power Electronics
3.7.6 Batteries and Fuel Cells
3.8 Key Points Made in this Chapter

Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts of ZnO Electronics Markets

4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Economic and Technological Assumptions
4.2 Eight-Year Forecast by Application
4.2.1 Forecasts of ZnO-Based Bulk Conductive Coatings
4.2.2 Forecast of ZnO in PV Electrodes
4.2.3 Forecast of ZnO as ITO Replacement
4.2.4 Forecast of ZnO in Varistors and Power Electronics
4.2.5 Forecast of ZnO Transistor Markets
4.2.6 Forecast of ZnO lighting and UV Source Markets
4.2.7 Forecast of ZnO Sensors
4.3 Eight-Year Summary of ZnO Electronics by Application and Materials Functionality

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report

About the Author

List of Exhibits

Exhibit E-1: ZnO: Incentives for Commercialization and Possible Revenue Sources
Exhibit E-2: ZnO Markets in Electronics ($ Millions)
Exhibit 2-1: Seven Manufacturing Approaches for ZnO Thin Films
Exhibit 3-1: Applications of ZnO in Electronics by Type
Exhibit 3-2: Resistivity Requirements of Display Application for TCOs
Exhibit 4-1: ZnO Markets in Electronics: Bulk Conductive Coatings
Exhibit 4-2: ZnO Markets in Electronics: ZnO Electrodes
Exhibit 4-3: ZnO Markets in Electronics: ZnO as an ITO Substitute in Displays and Lighting
Exhibit 4-4: ZnO Markets in Electronics: ZnO in Varistors and Power Electronics
Exhibit 4-5: ZnO Markets in Electronics: Transistor-Related Applications
Exhibit 4-6: ZnO Markets in Electronics: Lighting Applications
Exhibit 4-7: ZnO Markets in Electronics: Sensor Applications ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-8: ZnO Markets in Electronics: Summary of Applications ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-9: ZnO Markets in Electronics: Summary by ZnO Material Functionality